Social Discrimination Essay -- Sociology

During the Spring of 2012, The University of southern multiple sclerosiss basketball team make their first appearance at the NCAA tournament since 1991. The team played against Kansas state of matter University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. During the second half of the game, Kansas State was defeating the University of Southern Mississippi, due to their starter motor point guard Angel Rodriguez who contributed many points. The Wildcats were leading the game by 70-64. As Angel Rodriguez was performing a free throw, some University of Southern Mississippi prep band students chanted Wheres your green card? This concomitant made national news and labeled the band students of the University of Southern Mississippi as ignorant, immature, and racist. The intense of emotions towards Southern Miss chance to continue having a government agency in the tournament struck the band members to resort discrimination against Rodriguez by using derogatory language. There are different stances that can assimilate place when evaluating an incident such as this one. The University of Southern Mississippi is fit(p) in the Southern region of the unify States which has an infamous reputation for racial discrimination and division for several years. When this is looked at by people from early(a) regions of the united States, they will assume that the band members were racist. Angel Rodriguez is from Puerto Rico, an island in the north Carribean. The majority of Puerto Ricos population consists of Hispanics and Latinos. Puerto Rico is non a U.S. State kind of it is a commonwealth of the unify States of America. This gives Puerto Ricans the benefits of having a joined States citizenship therefore not requiring them to have a green card to be in the United States of America. A gree... ...ed the boundary of the band students perceived territory in the United States because of his ethnic background. Southern Miss prep band has members of minority backgrounds. If the minoritie s also participated in the taunting, it shows that geography and racial discrimination is instilled in all races that are citizens of the United States. Rodriguez lives and attended school in Miami, Florida and for the band to question his citizenship status shows how racial divisiveness occurs even within the close knit regions of the United States. Miami, Florida is known for a large and thriving Spanish speaking population in the United States. Works CitedWilliams, Melvin D. 2003. Racism The Production, Reproduction, and Obsolescence of Social Inferiority. In New directions, ed. Carol R. Ember, Melvin Ember, and whoreson N. Peregrine. Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.

Cultural Background Summary Essay

My family acclaims from different heathen accent which has been molded by assimilation, humor of pluralism and acculturation. I am a Philippine and I grew up in Oahu in hello, whereby commonwealth in Hawaii view as modest- economic status, low income and little upbringing hence less atonement to their needs. I never had enormous understanding of heathen diversity and my socialization as Filipino as I grew up because I had a combination of native Austronesia civilization which functiond the Hispanics and American coatings (Ciria-Cruz, 1994, p. 16).This affected my heathenish desktop a lot. As argued by Gramann and Sandra, 1998 people of my culture have differences in their language, traditions and mode of dressing which contributes towards ethnic diversity. There is difference in honourable and sacred conceptualization among the people and differences on how each person interacts with the milieu within the federation (Gramann and Sandra, 1998, p. 57). My cultura l individuation is characterized by my race in the first place skin color and other physical characteristics according to social enlighten and ethnicity.Ethnicity is classified according to behavior, cultural knowledge and my cultural indistinguishability. Cultural orbits come out as a result of different reasons. My cultural personal identity have been shaped by my cultural backdrops which have influenced how I discover the world around me, perceive myself and relate with other people. The information I have concerning my cultural background has increased my cultural knowledge and gave me an overview of cultural issues and characteristics. I usually identify my needs and preferences and always remember that I cannot reduce to set cultural norms.My cultural backgrounds vary with that of other people due to migration and sequence of arrival at that particular destination, socio-economic background, and period of settlement, education level, cultural and religious background, rural and urban residence, different life delivers with migration experience (Feagin and Feagin, 1993, p. 42). According to Feagin and Feagin, 1993 my identity has been molded by assimilation, acculturation and climate of pluralism. My cultural identity faces racial discrimination with.Ciria-Cruz, 1994 argued that, different books have racial composition, culture and demographic information of Filipino people. As argued by Feagin and Feagin, 1993 my cultural identity face substantial prejudice, discrimination and stereotype and people of my cultural background mainly struggle to maintain and preserve their culture and identity. Even speechmaking their own language result to severe sanction such as, losing their jobs and world made fun of by other communities. This cultural diversity within the communities has a significant challenge to multiculturalism and it threatens the survival of my community.Race influence relates to my community and interaction of people within my communi ty has been racialized negatively and positively. Pluralism can helper in solving this by enriching experiences for my cultural background (Feagin and Feagin, 1993, p. 54). Diversity in my cultural background is due to ignorance of cultural background language which is extensive. wish of basic cultural background hinders people from comprehending language. Religious culture has assimilated me on various behaviors of human existences.Regional culture has been shaped by geographic environment and natural conditions. Acculturation has impacted on my cultural background in which people has anticipated on changing their behavior by dint of influence on different aspect such as age, gender occupation recency of arrival, socioeconomic status, and education (Ciria-Cruz, 1994, p. 18). Cultural characteristics suggest the influence of acculturation across generations. done assimilation people avoid interacting with possessive cultures with the degree in which people maintain and relinq uish attributes of their native cultures.Through assimilation people desires meets with dominant cultures which is not necessary in maintaining an identity of their native culture. Some people dont like being assimilated but the degrees to which people may agree to be assimilated vary as a result of cultural diversity (Gramann and Sandra, 1998, p. 61). Assimilation has molded my cultural background through economic, social and political integration. This has been possible since my ethnic class changed to that of the host society.Cultural assimilation has given rise to different economic development patterns reducing cultural diversity by standardizing socio-cultural traits like ethics, beliefs, norms and codes of conducts. The climate of pluralism identifies what people in my culture share in common. This helps in maintaining ethnic identity and cultural identity. Acceptance of pluralism affects peoples feelings of cultural identity with effect of interaction being posited between ethnic and cultural identity. The various attitudes towards my cultural background can be viewed as positive forces with compatibility on learning second language.Language is the key to identification and if I pauperization to change my cultural identity I have to change my linguistic identification. Conclusion My cultural background marks my cultural identity in which various factors have contributed to cultural diversity. Factors like assimilation, pluralism and acculturation. My cultural backgrounds vary because of migration and time of arrival at that particular destination, socio-economic background, and period of settlement, education level, cultural and religious background, rural and urban residence, different life experiences with migration experience.Diversity in my cultural background is due to ignorance of cultural background language. List of References Ciria-Cruz, R. (1994), How far have we come, Filipinas, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 16-18 Feagin, J. & adenine Feagin C. (1993 ), Cultural Diversity, 4th Ed. Englewood Cliffs Prentice Hall Gramann, H. , & Sandra, L, (1998), The effect of cultural assimilation on the importance of family-related and nature-related recreation among Hispanic Americans, Journal of leisure research, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 57-68

Bra Boys Analysis

The individuation of the brassiere Boys can be seen by dint of their economic economic values and spatial relations. They are presented through the Cody, the value of br opposite ship and military capability of brother ship through their tattoos and being on that point for each other. In part 1 of bra male childs, the Boys had taken Jesse Pollock and other jr. people on trips to surf. This had been carried on from what the other brassiere Boys did for Cody and his friends. This shows their values of their nightclub and community, as they are willing to give the younger generations to gruellingen up and be free with the surf.This shows htat apart from their devilish side, they also have the value of family and friendship with the younger generation. The Bra Boys value towards the border is sh make to be their lifesaver. The beach and surf is everything to them. Sunny Abberton, a Bra boy said The surf, had saved so many kids around here, that have direct them to a lifestyle of the ocean instead of a lifestyle in crime. Showing that the beach has saved them on accounts and they have an optimistic value of the beach.Values of the Bra boys is brother ship, as they had each others back. When 2 people had a fight with government activity in a party during Christmas, everyone got into the brawl. This shows how the value of being together in the Bra boys is strong. superstar major values the boys have is having fun with others. In the serious of montages, the Bra Boys are shown to be jump on each other, setting get off each other and each them jump off the cliffs and even jumping on a bus. This shows that they highly value fun in their lives as they trust all the fun.This scene plays with the light hearted tune, this influences the value of fun in the Bra Boys life and their value of belonging as they do what they want and what they believe is right. That is the idenity presented as a Bra Boy. To have fun their own way. Survival and a horse sense of bel onging. The Bra boys values of survival is shown as they survived from various gangs, depression, fights and drugs. They had shown that they want to survive for the beach, as it is their legacy. For the Bra Boys, they showed a sense of belonging by helping each other through tough times and helping the younger generations.The Bra Boys identity of attitudes is shown that they have each other backs and that they do not wish to do harm. Their attitudes towards the police is hatred as they were in a fight with the authorities. However, the authorities lost but the media had portrayed them to be the victims. The police thinks the Bra boys as criminals and always suspects them, thus they have a negative attitude towards the police. The attitude towards people similar to the bra boys in the past, cold, hurt ad alone. The Bra Boys have the attitude of being there for those to toughen them up and be the Bra boys just as the older Bra Boys did the same thing to them.The attitude towards Ma sh ows their relish and symbolizes what Ma is to them. Their love and kindness in comparison the language used in the other parts of the film shows how they value and their attitude towards their caretaker and the start of the Bra Boys. Their calibre and voise is different in comparison to the other tones that is used. Not only that, there is something that is only presented in this scene that the Bra Boys does. This type of body language shows their affectiong and their attitudes towards Ma as she is the most important person to the Bra Boys. They Hugged her.

Peer Response: An Almost Pure Empty Walking Essay

Selected Poems Immigrant, Almond Tree, Watering, I Will Sweep, and My Mothers Room In Tryfon Tolides poems he alternates his life experiences in his homeland and in the United States. The author does this by choosing careful haggle to describe his experiences in such a way that exclusivelyows the readers to imagine the insure he is trying to display. The author conveys the new arena versus the old world as he explains his life in Greece and in the United States. He tells stories of his nonpluss pain as an immigrant and his joy of living in the ordinary world. The author also introduces us to his produces illness of cancer and he describes it as if he was reliving that moment in his life again. The author writes with honesty and humanity, he relates his poems to the every day individual and the every day life of an American or a Greek.We all experience sorrow, pain, happiness, joy, and loss. Any one can relate to one or more of this authors poem. Any reader can enjoy his remem brance of his actors line days as a pizza delivery boy, or his mothers pain of both organism an immigrant and a cancer patient, or even the every day ordinary things the author chooses to write about. The immigrant touches the issues of his mothers grief of moving to America, she states that America has brought her nothing but poisonous substance and illness. From this we can tell that the authors mother blames America for unsoundness and believes if she did not come to America then she would not have fix sick. In part we can also conclude that her life in America is not as easy as she thought it would be. masses alship canal talked about the wonderful life of an American but from this poem we can tell that the authors mother has had a nasty life in America and misses her life in Greece. In an almond tree we can conclude that the author also misses his life in Greece, the author conveys this by explaining his memories of smashing almonds. The author continues by stating all of the things he misses from when he was in Greece, such as the spring water, the black skies, and the outhouse. He is also conveying that even though his life was harder in Greece he means his memories in joy. The author doesnt remember his life as being difficult he remember it as being wonderful because that is what he was used to. These two poems meant the most to me because both the author and his mother remember Greece as being their joyous home and in some ways wish they have never left it.

The Role of Technology in Education

Our instruct has an extremely low budget of near eighteen million dollars. Where should the money go? Should it go to the English department, or the mathematics and science buildings? Should the money be invested in expanding our school and tolerant raises to hard- scating teachers? Or should the money be invested in the ever so normal increasing demand of computers Should we get linked to the increasing Information motor mode?In culture, the issue of technology is constantly rising in debate. Should schools pass money on computers and networking which is an extremely hard field to keep updated both(prenominal) in softw atomic number 18 and hardw are? Schools hold up found both the benefits and the drawbacks in investing in computers and technology.The use up of Information Technology benefits educatees greatly in some(prenominal) areas. Information technology has encouraged the increase of productivity, summationd pupil involvement and en up to(p)d students to complet e joint projects with students in other cities, states and heretofore countries (Carey 26). Studies on students who know twenty four hour access to laptops have shown that students shown an increase in problem-solving and critical thing sills, enhanced learning in nitty-gritty academic subjects, produce higher quality work and have sluice provided more one-on one time between teachers and students (THE Journal 16).Technology is an organic component of learning. Being that students learn at contrary rates, technology sess individualize instruction. They hindquartersful move at an appropriate pace providing a solid foundation of basic skills. Computer based technologies can serve up individualized lesson sequences that branch and remediate according to students unique needs, pronto and mechanically track progress and generate reports (Peck and Dorricot 11).The net income provides a colloquys tool, which can assist students in networking within and between schools. Internet technology permits agile student-to-student communication done relatively inexpensive e-mail. Through the Internet students are also able to find Internet pen pals and experience the universe through the vision of other students (Carey 24).The Internet can also be used in cooperation with the library. It can provide students with an enormous and readily handy database with investigate materials and therefore may be used to research different topics (Carey 25).Not only can students learn on the Internet, but they can also teach about areas in which they have knowledge and sills. Students have been able to create web pages to display to people all oer the world. School newspapers and college web pages can also do the same. These pages can be read anywhere by anyone and has thus provided for greater publication (Carey 25).Although computers and technology provide for much advancement in raising, there are just about basic problems. These difficulties range from psychological ad diction to unethical behavior and improper actions of technology producers and users.As for addiction, some persons are so addicted to its use to the extent that they have actually flunked out of college, lost their marriage partners, produce mentally sick, ruinn up their jobs, and decreased their human contracts. Some persons keep off personal contacts by overusing the Internet so to decrease their personal communication with persons. Some have also gone into Internet seclusion, while bland taking care of daily routines so failing to work and piling with people. With such addiction there provides no room for advancement in education (Eddy and Spaulding 392).Technology can alter the content of what schoolchildren suppose about. many computer experiences for students are through virtual reality and are visually appealing. Students can look at three dimensional animals, such as sharks, seals and whales on their computer try outs. But what teachers dont realize is that students get easily move in these instances, and only get to distinguish what is on the computer screen and not outside. Instead of being subjected to such images, students essential be able to realize that they should take the chance and look at the things outside and not just the through the technological world (Schwarz 79).Computers are also high-maintenance supplies for schools. unconnected books, which represent generally fixed costs, technology requires a significant, continuous pecuniary input. The useful lifetimes of computers and their software are sometimes measurable in months, not years. Costs for potentially short-lived computer hardware and software quickly become enormous. Also, these costs may be difficult to predict with verity as new products are developed (Garrett 114).Many schools have attempt to spend the money, take risks and jump onto the attractive road of technology. Among these schools are the schools in Tasmanian, the Milwaukee Public Schools and Seton Hall. The Tasmanian government has announced that they are buying 14 thousand computers to ensure that each government school would have at least one modern computer for every five students. The jut out is due to take effect during the next three years with a total of forty-nine million dollars being spent. Under the syllabus, every give tongue to school exit have Internet access and full-time teachers willing receive laptop computers. Schools will be cabled to provide high-speed topical anesthetic networks connecting school computers while the use of video conferencing and related technology will be extended to help remote school and professional development (Colman 11).The Milwaukee Public School district just passed a proposal to give laptop computers to twenty-four thousand high school students in their school system. As for funding for this proposal, most money would be raised through public donations. An article in the Business Journal Serving greater Milwaukee criticized thi s decision making some very important key points. They utter that the Milwaukee Public School system should worry about their problems basic to education before they should worry about computers. The article stated that too many students cannot read at a sufficient level, lack sufficient math skills, do not show up for class regularly and are dropping out of school. In all the article states, Milwaukee Public Schools must first resolve its basic problems before it can even think about throwing cash around for computers that students will take with them when they graduate (Laptop lunacy 62).On a similar tract, Seton Hall University has enabled a new program that provides each incoming freshman with a new laptop. This laptop and so becomes their responsibility, which they should do most homework on and bring to class daily. from each one dormitory and classroom is equipped with hookups for the Internet (Eddy and Spaulding 391).In North Carolina, IBM has even had the privilege of w orking with educators in Charlotte and Durham on the introduction of an Internet technology that helps parents, students and teachers collaborate together. In the two years it has been in bewilder in Charlotte, parents have found ways to volunteer such as editing the electronic newspaper, teachers have developed web sites for homework assignments and students have begun online discussions of schoolwork (Coggins 54).Working as a computer consultant, I see the impact computers and technology have on each and every student daily. When I work, I see students e-mailing their teachers homework, preparing presentations for class and even finding research without opening a book. And most of this work not only has to be done in the library, but can be carried into the students dormitories if they would like to work after hours. In all, I believe that technology in education is a good thing. It provides for a greater and more extensive way to research, prepare and work altogether.

Comparison Between Rousseau and Plato

I destine Rousseaus most effective criticism of Platos is on the im handssity of family. Both philosophers learn opposing views on this issue however I tend to agree with Rousseaus view on family mostly because it is more reasonable than Platos. Rousseau also seemed more interested that people enjoy flavor whereas Plato seemed too tied down with the idea of making the world just, that he forgot about individual happiness. According to Plato there should be no such(prenominal) thing as family. Instead we should all be men innate(p) of the earth.Every sensation fit to Plato should think themselves to be everyone elses brother or sister. He thinks that tiddlerren should be removed from the mother upon birth so no fastener is made between mother and child. In speaking of peoples education and lift Plato writes If by being well educated they become sensible men, theyll considerably see to all this and everything else we are now leaving out-that the possession of women, marriag e, and genteelness of children must as far as possible be pose according to the proverb that friends have all things in common. (423e)Again he reiterates the idea of having all things in common when he writes All these women are to belong to all these men in common, and no woman is to give delegacy privately with any man. And the children, in their turn, result be common, and neither give a parent know his own offspring, nor a child his parent. (457d) Rousseau unwaveringly disagrees with Platos view on family. He thinks that having strong family values is the account to becoming a good citizen. Since Rousseau is all about taking the instinctive approach to education, his view on family values make sense. Family is quite patently in accordance with the laws of nature.A mother gives birth to her child and according to Rousseau it is tho inhering for the mother to sop up the child herself. That is the first natural bond that takes place within the family thus it is necessa ry in forming a close family unit. This is seen on page forty-six when he writes But allow mothers deign to nurse their children, morals will reform themselves, natures sentiments will be awakened in every heart, the state will be repeopled. If you stop here this goes completely against Platos belief that only certain women are made to be nurses and therefore only those women should nurse children.But Rousseau goes on to say Thus, from the correction of this single abuse would currently result a general reform nature would soon have reclaimed all its rights. Let women once again become mothers, men will soon become fathers and husbands again. Maybe Rousseau exaggerates this idea that by mothers care for their children family values will be set in place. But to an utmost I think this is true, because it is the first way a mother contribute care for her child, and by having someone else do it for her she is giving up this spiritual bond a mother should have with her child.Rous seau says We are born weak, we emergency strength we are born totally unprovided, we need aid we are born stupid we need judgment. Everything we do not have at birth and which we need when we are grown is given us by education. (pg. 38) This education no matter how you look at it starts in the home, and with the family. If a child is to grow someone needs to be there to quarter them. And without a proper family a child will never be educated properly. Rousseaus theory on family is much more existent than Platos.Without having family values or even knowing who your real family is how is one hypothetical to learn to erotic love and care for one another? If we lived as Plato would manage we would not know what it means to have a close family because everyone would literally be considered your family. There is no way that you would develop the same emotion of love as you would by living in a family as most know it today. Or family in the sense that Rousseau writes about. Plato w as more concerned with the city being just then the individual, so in that scope his wanting to eradicate the natural family makes since.But his education follows that everyone be a professional at one trade. In my opinion that is no way to live life. To spend your whole life perfecting one thing, and never experiencing what it is to love. Rousseau took a much different approach believing that education was accomplished through with(predicate) centering on each person individually. The way a child is raised quite obviously affects who they are when they grow up. If they grow up in a family with strong values children learn if nothing else how to love and respect others. By learning these values ideally they will one day pass the lessons along to a family of their own.

SCE&G: Relevant and Non-Relevant Costs

South Carolina Electric and Gas (SCE&G), a principal subsidiary of SCANA Corporation, derives life convenient by shapeing electricity and natural gas to homes and businesses. The company also provides residential, commercial, and industrial builder att exterminate firms the energy they need for construction (www.sceg.com). The company also has telecommunications services and some other businesses which involve non-regulated energy. To supply electricity and natural gas, SCE&G operates 22 various plants, most of which are coal plants. Today, SCE&G serves nigh 1 billion customers in South Carolina (SCE&G promptly Facts).The coal plants of SCE&G emit nitrogen oxide. Also cognise as nighttime, this is one of the compounds that form smog in the atmosphere. Thus, the company has been make efforts to lower the emission of NOx. Just recently, SCE&G has installed the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) equipment on Wateree Station and Williams Station, the two larg est plants of the company to reduce NOx emission. This has cost them $138 million (www.sceg.com). The company has also invested 80 million dollars on equipment for emission and pollution control (Zaleski, 2007).In 2008, the firm has decided to install the SCR equipment on the Cope Station as well. The go steady, which started on the summer of 2007 and will end on the fall of 2008, will cost the company 69 million dollars (Zaleski, 2007). This amount includes relevant costs (i.e., costs that are significant to a specific decision) such as the cost of the equipment and the cost of installation (CITATION).The antecedently mentioned expenditures prior to the Cope Station retchthe investment on SCR equipment and on the emission and pollution control equipmentare considered sunk costs. Whether SCE&G would push through with the Cope project or not, the costs of these equipments baffle already been incurred. Hence, they are irrelevant to the project.SCE&G reported in its statement of projected expenditure that the budget for the Cope Station project was $ 26 million (SCANA Corp. 2007-2009 Projection Expenditure, 2007). Since the investment would cost $ 69 million, it would way out in a budget deficit of $ 43 million. This implies that the company had to make budget adjustments in order to fund the said project.When the project is complete, it would for certain result in clean, safe, and reliable power source for the citizens and industries (Zaleski, 2007). Although it would not bring the company explicit financial benefits, by making the plant environment-friendly, the project can further contribute to the healthy relationship of SCE&G with its neighboring communities. Moreover, this may attract new industries to invest in the area as the environment becomes free of the polluting NOx (Zaleski, 2007).ReferenceAbout SE&G.. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http//www.sceg.com/en/about-sceg/ detergent builder services. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http//www.sceg.com/en/builder servicesNitrogen oxides. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.sceg.com/en/my-community/environment/air/nitrogen-oxides/Residential services. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.sceg.com/en/residential-services/SCANA Corporation 2007-2009 projections for capital expenditures and cash flows. (9February 2007). Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.secinfo.com/dN11u.u3.c.htmSCE&G quickfacts. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008Zaleski, G.. (6 November 2007). SCE&G investing $69 million in Cope plan to reduceemissions. The quantify and Democrat. Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.thetandd.com/articles/2007/11/06/news/12812156.txt

Required Skill-Set and Knowledge of a Successful Policy Analyst in the Ecowas Region Essay

The Policy Process consists of some disparate and connected parts and is not easily explained theoretically because it involves several(a) category of actors is influenced by experimentation, learning from mistakes, etc is shaped by discourse and narratives and is passing political. The insurance indemnity process focuses on the way that leads to finding making and it has different stages which involve, Agenda Setting, Decision Making, Implementation and Monitoring & paygrade.In short, we earth-closet now say that the form _or_ system of government process is the way form _or_ system of government reforms be planned, stick outed, implemented and evaluated. Explaining the obscure form _or_ system of government process requires a indemnity psycho psycho analyst who is knowledgeable and trained in the field and is able to solve complicated policy issues balance constituents convey with the political and frugal realities of governance and run into and analyze b reeding to assist in the planning, outgrowth, interpretation, and review of government or industrial politics. Gupta, D. K. 2010).A Policy Analyst, also called a researcher or a scholar, is a person who works to raise familiar sense of social issues, such as crime pr tear downtion, access to health care, and rampart of the environment. An analyst in government creates policy and evaluates program effectively and provides decision makers with entropy and hypotheses about the effects of different policies. Blanchard S. (1997). The Economic Community of due west African States (ECOWAS) is a regional group of fifteen countries, founded in 1975.Its deputation is to promote economic integration in all fields of economic activity, particularly industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, agriculture, natural resources, commerce, m superstartary and financial dubietys, social and cultural matters. The ECOWAS delegation and the ECOWAS Bank for Investment and Development, more t han often called The Fund are its cardinal main institutions designed to implement policies, pursue a number of program and carry out development projects in Member States. Such projects include intra-community road construction telecommunications and agricultural, energy and water resources development.With this background, we now take intent at the key roles of the analyst in the policy process and the skills-set and knowledge an analyst should have to be successful in the ECOWAS Region. To attain the in demand(p) aim or result as an analyst can be very challenging when thinking about the potential applications and repercussions of a policy. To pull round in the policy analysis career, one mustiness be on top of tenacious solid grounding and have an intimate knowledge of the licit and political systems in the nation or institution of work, along with an sagacity of social attitudes that can influence policy.To report and prioritize policy issues explicate government po licy objectives identify potential conflicts in terms of objectives and interests identify current policies and their consequences identify alternative viable policy instruments, their probable consider and indirect consequences and the risk that these may not materialize develop criteria and indicators to assess progress towards objectives design viable policy packages, with associated strategies to obtain political confine and to ensure organizational effectiveness advocate viable policy packages in a clear, brief and persuasive way review government policies and design viable policy packages and help policy makers take appropriate decisions on sensitive issues. These are the things a policy analyst does. Blanchard S. (2007).Principally, policy analyst in decision making process should be cognizance of administrative rules, procedures and routines which characterizes the existence in action. You should posses a superior application of rationality both in decision (policy) and implementing decisions ( organisation), have a claim and more inexorable methods of investigation, and effective regard for efficient means of operation. Decision making in the policy process as an analyst in the ECOWAS Region is thus cardinal to sustain socio-political and economic stability. An analyst should understand and draw distinctions among management and policy making, define stages of government activities (decision making), implement those decisions and evaluate the outcome.This analyst must frequently and simplistically offer a solution to what is said to be the central trouble of bureaucratic inadequacy, Should be knowledgeable in program budgeting to relate expenditure budgeting to define goals and outputs, again with the intention of irresponsible the cost of achieving set objectives. Another essential tool a policy analyst should posses in decision making in the ECOWAS Region is indispensable and sufficient information in public policy making information is fr equently inadequate and simply not available, yet there is limit supplied by time and events. Chooses between competing objectives can be rationally ascertain on the basis of perfect formulation of knowledge. A major job for rational method is the reliance upon knowledge which is quantifiable. According to Lord William Beveridge (1942) reason and special knowledge have the chance only if there is a channel of access to those who have power.Implementation in the policy process is a crucial business of translating decisions into events of getting done. The policy analyst can at least agree that getting things done, or implementation, is a crucial aspect of the real world of public policy making, and one which has been neglected in theoretical literature. Implementation relates to specified objectives, the translation into form of the policy emerge from the complex process of decision making. As a policy analyst, management of state policies world power be of universal interest, which makes more essential a proper scrutiny of the claims of managerialism. Policy scientist is likely, skeptical of how functionally effect management can have on the success of public policies.As a policy analyst, Christopher Hood once said, real administration give an account of real organizational life and thus sum up his model as follows 1. An administrative system should be unitary, with a angiotensin-converting enzyme line of authority 2. Objective must be given, uniform, explicit, and known throughout the system 3. Clear and authoritative objective must still be implemented, to achieve this, the system must ensure either pure(a) allegiance or perfect control there must be perfect information and communication, with all task unambiguously specified and precisely arrange all these conditions require an adequate time scare for fulfillment.In public organizations, no meaningful distinction between policy and administration is possible, and policies roposed and authorise by former political institutions and participants are in a widely variety of ways influence, mediated, and even altered by formal administrative institutions and participants at both higher and lower levels. (Hood calls this, in the implementation stage, bang off the corners to get policy through the front door). The problem of policy making might be clearly define of what is involve in good management which was but demonstrated by the reference to the question of information. Hoods model says that information must be accurate and must be communicated. Clearly, it is essential for governments to estimate results, to measure these results, and learn from them.Evaluation is feedback, and technically such feedback operates as a self adjusting mechanism, alternatively, evaluation might generate more data on which the policy analyst menial on to improve community of best future policies. Major problem arise with the nature of political leadinghip and organizational behavior. Polit ical leaders will not be anxious to have too censorious an examination of their failure this will be particularly so if, as with many economic plans in states, political leaders have neer intended implementation but sought only the easier fruits of political rhetoric. We need to understand as analyst operating in a complex environment that evaluation is not merely a technical matter, nor even a question of good practice, it is, or maybe a extremely political issue.We are always, therefore, likely to find that an absence of evaluation contributes further to the uncertainties an unsystematic nature of politics, and in its analysis, the uncertainty principle might be given great regard. One significant effect is to widen the wisecrack which exists between theory and practice. This gap is created in a variety of ways. The most obvious problem is the absence of real political or administrative experience in those who teach and theorize about public policy. This the analyst partly exp lains to remoteness of theory from the real world policy. Some policy analyst would quite deliberately avoid any involvement in the real world of policy on the ground that this might chat upon their unwanted intellectual constrictions, as well as quite practical constrains.As an analyst, it not difficult to understand this tension between faculty member and practitioners, each threatens to interfere with the activities of other. The theorist wishes to distance itself intellectually from the real policy world to avoid the ideological contamination which inevitably comes from actual fraternity in an area of policy. The practitioner tends to avoid over exposure to a wide range of ideas.Finally, policy analysis is synonymous with creativity, and with defining problems or else than offering handy solutions, policy analysis the more creative calculations relate finding problems for which solutions might be attempted.To be a successful policy analyst in the ECOWAS Region, you must be able to manage time, be able to think clearly and practically, be able to combine/ complex body part ideas to form theories for research, must be dependable when it comes to creating frameworks for quantitative and qualitative data analysis, and must have good verbal and writing skills. In short, you must be able to work hard, plan, communicate, do critical readings and suggestions, be logical and have research skills. Have a perception and sense of the region, you must know the political geography and national boundaries, have geographic perspectives on republic and elections, must be knowledgeable on geography and migration analysis, population policies and issues, and must be able to analyze the sustainable urban development and transportation of West Africa to bring sustained economic growth and democracy to the region.

A Review of Terry Eagleton’s The Meaning of Life Essay

Yet a nonher(prenominal) non-fiction attempt at explaining the intricacies of life as we know it is in the offing, and the unknowing would close to likely lump this particular one with the rest of second-raters spawns. However, the less ignorant would recognize the prestige that is synonymous with the beginnings name, which echoes loudly of literary theory and Marxism, in the most welcome and understandable terms.Terry Eagletons discourse on one of the most profound up to now unanswerable call into questions ever to be posed in actual form could have gone two disparate ship bureau the academic, which would c tot anyy on the powers of scholarly influence and intervention and the sardonic, which would debunk all trite and contrived notions about the national and introduce a natural fantasy that may border between reality and fantasyor at least within the contexts of Eagletons philosophy.But the great theorist, without presenting his nominate as the millenniums definitive ans wer to life and all its meanings, does what he is good atanalysis, study, and intellectualism. The big question in tenseness is quite applicable, as Eagleton begins, to the different persuasions available, from language to philosophy to civilization. Here is where the Eagleton expression of in-depth probing takes place, and readers new and old will always find the origins signature wit and humour refreshing against the backdrop of the subjects utter seriousness and complexity.Eagleton builds his argument by citing some of the differences among people, establish on their particular eras. He discussed how the issues thr avow against faith and organized trust figured prominently in the late nineteenth century, and this brought on the question about lifes meaning in bigger, more instant ways. Then we see how the great mind forms his own theory, but save after seeing how he provides a comparison between his intellection and those that came before him.The first, most obvious and ea siest target would be Christianity and its various interpretations, that declares immortal as the all-powerful, all-knowing source of the worlds meaning and its gibe effect on life itself, and the tenet that deems the world chaotic and insignificant without God. Eagleton quickly forges to disprove this established belief, by invoking the theories and discoveries alluded to by science, and how, crimson without the concept of God, the universe would continue to be an entity independent of anything, with a symmetry and logic that defies any claim on source and end.Eagleton did not agree with the free-flowing, imprint- respecting parameters of post-modernism, either. He found the standard allusions to individualism and realms and contexts of varying interpretations as contrary to the hunt for meaning be vitrine meaning can whole be discovered through dialogue with the world, and any pre-tense of an individual of finding the same unto himself or herself does not operate logically within Eagletons study.One must affirm his or her particular life meanings with what the world has already set, out of respect and value for a manufacture that is no longer such, but is very a define and proven reality that can mix both(prenominal) beauty and logic on the same level. Upon presenting his own personal cause towards providing an answer to the stated question, Eagleton now invokes Aristotelian philosophy to concretise an face of the meaning. According to Aristotle, human lifes significance lies within contentmentyet not just mere pleasure.Eagleton agress with this idea, and confirms the classic philosophers opinion that happiness may only be received through rectitude, wherein virtue is, more than anything, a social practice and not a way of thinking. Therefore, happiness, which is the purpose of life, is also its practical and realisable version. However, all is not completely keen and happy in the Eagleton-Aristotle team-upthe author, after the initial meet ing of great minds regarding the ensample integration of politics, ethics and happiness in one ideal society, admonishes the classicists expressed elements of a society necessary to attain happiness.That Aristotle defined this as one complete with women and slaves earmarked to carry out any bothersome work while man goes forth to traverse the levels of happiness, is an ideal go around left in history books and pageant presentations. Eagleton, being the trouper he is, tries to make up for Aristotles slip by taking the latter(prenominal)s happiness concept and raising it oneto centre on the ultimate idea of jockey. Not erotic love, no, but that among fellow men, and even enemies. As with Aristotles original happiness idea, Eagletons love construct is a lifestyle, a practical way of giving meaning to life.He goes further by adding the presence of another individual in the equation, with whom love may be realized through mutual support. This refers to space for growth, a means to b eing ones best. And, being one of Marxs greatest disciples, Eagleton qualifies this concept by requiring the individuals be equals for real reciprocity, for the absence of such will render this adjudged purpose and meaning of life futile. The book ends with Eagletons inspired way of comparing life with jazz music, where improvisation is key, yet function as a whole.Thus, the author promises the answers to be found in this precise situationhappiness being individual and collective, which can only be realised through love. If any other writer time-tested to use the same words and the same concepts to give his or her own interpretation, everything would sound fake, and probably even absurd. But Terry Eagletons liquid writing and light touch prove that these often-lambasted elements may actually stable be understood for what they are, and that love and life are indeed machine-accessibleall to provide the meaning we have long wanted to find.

Google in China Essay

Google is the fastest ripening Internet appear engine company. Googles mission is to organize the beings information and make it universally accessible and useful.(International Business Competing in the Global marketplace, pg 148-149) They have a mantra of Dont be Evil. Google started this mantra to be the main message to show consumers they would not compromise the integrity of its front results. This case reviews the situation under which Google was required to censor its content and chose to drive its new search engine site. The case explains the role of the Chinese regimen and its regulations in the Internet market which had a negative effect on Googles operations in china. In 2000, Google started a Chinese spoken language service. This service was operated from the United States. Chinese authorities averted the site in 2002 because China censors information to their citizens. This block surprised Googles managers.This was a scrap the managers did not plan on. If the y done their research of the Chinese Government and farming prior to launching the Chinese language service, they would have known the block would be inevitable and they could have tailored their service to the Chinese regulations, culture, and laws. Google knew China was an advantageous business and they would need to adapt their service in set up for it to be acceptable and profitable. Google also had to move the Chinese operations to China. in operation(p) from the United States caused slow connection speed and hinder their operation and growth. This was a good move because it enabled Google to employee Chinese citizens who would be able to help interpret and adapt to the Chinese laws, regulations, and censorship demands. Google managers made a mistake by not researching their target market. However, they acted quickly in learning and correcting this mistake.Google still offered Chinese citizens a better search engine, but it was not without censorship. The Google search engi ne offers more results than its competitors, Yahoo, Microsofts MSN, and Chinas own company, Baidu. Google states Chinese consumers bequeath get more information on their site, though not preferably all of it. (International Business Competing in the Global marketplace, pg 148-149) In 2006, Google had 30 percent share of Chinas internet search engines. Baidu had 40 percent. This go forth another 30 percent split between Yahoo and Microsofts MSN search engines. These percentages are good, especially when one considers Yahoo and Microsoft had entered the Chinese search engine market prior to Google.Baidu has several advantages over Google that are generally associated with it being a Chinese based company, the search engine has competency in pinpointing queries in the Chinese language (Yin & Yulin, 2010, p. 4). Government relations with China are precarious for businesses effectiveness. Google did not have a constitute understanding of what they would be involved in. China has become more back up and self-assured due to its increasing economic significance.They are more antipathetical to be pressed by Western governments or companies into changing its colossal term regulations and censorship. Because of this aspect, China does not yet comprehend global strategies and the impressiveness of global public relations. This causes them to be more rigid in their global business dealings. All-in-all, Google has been able to grow successfully in the Chinese search engine market and maintain the number two spot (behind Baidu) in China despite their lack of early research on the Chinese culture, governmental regulations, and laws.ReferencesInternational Business. Competing in the Global Marketplace, Seventh Edition, Chapter 3 Differences in Culture ISBN 9780073381343 Author Charles W. L. Hill copyright 2009 McGraw-Hill, a business social unit of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Globalization and genocide Essay

The twentieth century has seen a lot of inventions t tout ensembley into beingness, from the invention of the engine, to the manufacturing of airplanes. Then in that location came the aspect of globalization. The world that was so rotund started shrinking on a daily basis until fin bothy, borders seemed to have evaporated into debase air even between continents. Today, a both(prenominal)one may be in London in the morning and in the evening he is in Washington. Communication has also been made easier and more efficient in such a way that you can talk to a person who is thousands of miles away, as if you ar talking to the person next door.The world has acquire a nice community. Successes and failures However, there ar shortcomings that have obtain with globalization. Lechner and Boli (2004) in their book The Globalization Reader argues that while there has been shortcoming of globalization beca uptake of the strain it has exerted on the environment thereby degrading it. W hile the countries either over the world have been working to see their economies develop, this has been at the get down of the environment. One of these finds of environmental humiliation according to their argument is the destroying of the natural environment. big(a) tracts of woodwind instrument covered land are done for(p) each category leaving the land bare and in a few age no longer unproductive. This, they argue, is non the only cause of environmental degradation. some opposite cause is the releasing of harmful chemicals into the environment. Example is the Chernobyl nuclear accident. After this accident, there were many nuclear substances that were released into the environment and over the historic period have caused cancer. fossil burn downs have also contributed greatly to the destruction of the environment.While these have provided fuel for industries, carbon dioxide emissions has been on the rise thereby causing global warming. ar there ways and means to reverse the authoritative trends of environmental degradation in order to make secure our future? However, despite all this destruction, there has been an effort to try and slow down if non to tout ensemble stop the rate at which the environment is destroyed. Whereas the giving medications have non been smashing enough to conserve the environment, Lechner and Boli (2004) argue that there are environmentalists who have rallied for preservation of this precious environment.In 1992, Rio de Janeiro Declaration on Environment and Development proposed that, for a meaningful development to be achieved, environment conservation essential come first. at that place are also who have argued that for environment to be maintain especially in poor grounds, the rich nations must cancel their debts since the small governments spend all their earnings paying debts at the expense of local anesthetic development, thus forcing it plurality to solely rely on an already deprive land hence fur thering the effects of environmental destruction. Others have used all their minerals on debts without caring much on the effects this has on the environment.There are also organizations that were formed to champion for the protection of the environment. Their call is on the political class to make their priorities right by spending slight on military and more on environment protection, not ripe for this generation but also for future generation. Issues of poverty have been cited as the biggest enemy to the protection of the environment. An example is of Mau timber in Kenya. While this forest has been the water supply catchments and the initiation of many rivers in Kenya, it faces the danger of being destroyed because of human activities.At the moment, part of the forest has been inhabited by wad who are poor and therefore not unforced to move out. The government of Kenya on the other hand is also unable to settle these people elsewhere since it doesnt have resources. The nei ghboring nations namely Uganda and Tanzania face the aforesaid(prenominal) plight as Kenya and cannot help the Kenyan government yet these rivers enfeeble in Lake Victoria which is shared among them. These activities that have affected a nation environmentally do not affect just one person. The Mau forest in Kenya is a good example.If the future of Mau forest is not solved, eventually, Egypt which doesnt even border Kenya will be affected since it depends on water from Lake Victoria through river Nile for its irrigation. Human beings faced the danger of extinction on a daily, more so from environmental degradation. Nevertheless, it is possible to have a better world. A world where pollution is controlled and excellent environment that is not contaminated is the ultimate choice for everyone. There have been meetings called by divergent people all over the world to fence for the right to make it in a non polluted environment.An urge to have those that are considered the nonage i n the society to participate in the process of policy make has been on the rise. Is it possible, when we are united together as a people, to fight for our environment? Genocide The effects of globalization have not been snarl in the environmental circle alone. Social life in many places throughout the world has been altered because of globalization. According to Gellately and Kiernan (2003) examines the atrocities that have been connected against humanity, some among them attached by the civilized as they championed for globalization.For example, there were visual sense murders that were committed at Guatemala, sponsored by the US government. In this revolution, the Mayan community was massacred and the world unplowed mum. Even when as a commission to investigate these events was setup, their report did not reveal the motives behind these killings, and the people behind it. The Mayan people are not the only ones that have been affected. Yugoslavia in 1991 faced genocide whereby a minority group was targeted and massacred. Politics and cruelty has been the order of the day. Politicians have been known to use people to get into position and then turn against these people.These acts of brutality are yet to end. Societies throughout the world still experience mass murders in their mid(prenominal)st. Technology, which is supposed to ease the way life, is now being used against people. US is not spared either. September 11 attacks proved that people are willing to go all the way to destroy others. While we may con around with the idea of whether to reevaluate our stand towards globalization or not, we must always remember that a time is coming when we shall not make merry the relaxation our beaches offer us as we do today.At that time, there will be no trees for our wildlife and therefore no rain. For countries in fill out Saharan Africa, this will mean that there will be no food since these communities have always depended on rain for their agricultural acti vities. upright as a reminder, that time is already at hand. We are already seeing the effects of globalization on our environment. Yet, the question we ask ourselves is, be we ready to shove the idea of globalization beneath the carpet and bear for a new alternative? Some of the greatest crimes against humanity were committed at a time when we considered the world to be on a highway to becoming one community with no barriers. That was in the mid 1990s, a genocide that left many dead with many other maimed. Yet, the global community never spoke a single record book until it was all over. According to Gellately and Kiernan (2003), these acts of brutality have often been sparked by conquering through the years by those who are powerful. After many years of oppression, those who have been oppressed pour their anger on those who are deep in thought(p) and vulnerable and therefore cannot defend themselves.In the end, we witness the kind of crimes the likes of those that happened in Rwanda (p 375). We cannot also ignore the fact that technological advances in warfare have also been the cause of genocides in our communities. Cases in point are the Nazis in Germany the use of poisonous gases against the Kurds in Iraq the September 11 attacks on US soil. These have all employed the use of technology to pull out crime. Thus, the globalization that was supposed to bring us together has also been the source of death and segregation in our communities.Are we as human being going through a transition that is changing us for the worse i. e. turning us against each other? Is globalization therefore the cause of genocide or a solution to eradicating genocide in the current world? Are we our own enemies?References Lechner, F & Boli, J. (2004). The globalization reader. pertly Jersey, USA Published by Wiley-Blackwell. Gellately, R. & Kiernan, B. (2003). The specter of genocide mass murder in historical perspective. Cambridge, UK Published by Cambridge University P ress.

Renminbi Case

662, Case 3 1. Do you think the Renminbi is overvalued a pretendst the US Dollar? 2. Why does the Chinese government want to keep its notes at an artificially low level a watchst the US Dollar? What is the bump for mainland China? For the US? 3. What would be the consequences of a 20% reappraisal (increase in the value of the Renminbi) for China, western countries, Japan, and developing countries? How would it impact workers, exportingers, and importers in China? different studies have suggested that the RMB is undervalued, with recent estimates ranging from 15-50 percent.The greatest beneficiary from a gradual RMB revaluation, accompany by measures to stimulate demand, will be China itself. Its growth is presumable to be more balanced and resilient, and that will have a arbitrary spillover on the rest of the world, including by reducing currency and bargain tensions. RMB revaluation causes a loss to consumers outside China since they will confront higher(prenominal) prices of goods imported from China. These losses have to be offset against those of producers who will gain competitiveness.Moreover, Chinas trading partners are more believably to gain from RMB revaluation if it comes with measures that accelerate Chinas domestic demand coitus to its GDP. Indeed, without those measures, the effect of RMB revaluation on Chinas current banknote surplus is likely to be marginal or even to augment it. In the very long run, a revaluation of the RMB could help commodity-exporters to broaden into basic manufacturers. However, over the next few years, RMB revaluation is unlikely to impinge on these countries exports significantly because the prices of their commodity exports are determined in global markets (and denominated in dollars).However, the dollar prices of Chinas exports to those countries are likely to rise, reflecting small reach margins in those sectors and the fact that China, as the biggest exporter of those goods, is the price-setter. Some middle-income manufacturing exporters running a slew surplus with China will benefit, too. Other middle-income exporters that import a chance from China could be net losers from the hike in Chinas export prices in the short term, but gain as their export volumes expand at Chinas expense.Low-income commodity exporters will in general be net losers from RMB revaluation alone and will only benefit if Chinas growth accelerates because of accompanying measures taken by the Chinese authorities. Some high-income countries, such as Germany and Japan, which have an initial small trade deficit with China, may lose or gain a teensy-weensy from RMB revaluation alone. However, countries such as Italy and the fall in Stateswhose initial trade deficits with China are large and whose exports are not competitive with Chinaswill very likely lose, and their lower-income consumers will suffer most as the price of Chinese goods rises.This conclusion does not imply a plan that a large bilateral t rade deficit in Italy and the United States with China is good or bad. It only implies that RMB revaluation is not the bureau to fix the deficit problem. Instead, increasing national savings rates in Italy and the United States, and increasing consumption in China would be more effective. Given Chinas high dependence on price-sensitive exports, a large one-time RMB revaluation may carry unacceptable risks to its growth and stability. In the event of a sharp slowdown in China, those countries that are likely to lose from RMB revaluation anyway, starting with the United States.

Real World

Real serviceman cyber crime cases This document is an extract from the record Cyber crime &038 digital leaven Indian office authored by Rohas Nagpal. This defend is available as coursewargon for the Diploma in Cyber Law and PG Program in Cyber Law conducted by Asian School of Cyber Laws www. asian legalitys. org Cyber nuisance &038 digital attest Indian opinion 23. Real World Cases This chapter serves as a touch on reference guide. First the various scenarios be cover. A detailed discourse on the various cyber crimes, is covered in the ASCL out(a)come titled collar Hackers and Cyber Criminals.This is provided as formalized coursewargon for the ASCL Certified Cyber offence Investigator course. Then the applicable law and legal liabilities ar covered. Then the modus operandi normally followed by the criminals is discussed. The probe guidelines for cyber crime investigators are not discussed in this book as they are part of the syllabus of the ASCL Certified Cyber Crime Investigator course only. For received world case studies on investigation of cyber crimes, please refer to the ASCL e trulydayation titled Case Studies on Cyber Crime Investigation.This is provided as official courseware for the ASCL Certified Cyber Crime Investigator course. 130 2008 Rohas Nagpal. all(prenominal) rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 digital Evidence Indian sentiment 23. 1 Orkut Fake Profile cases Orkut. com is a very popular online community and accessible net incomeing website. Orkut aimrs support search for and act with people who partake the same hobbies and interests. They move create and join a wide variety of online communities. The writes of Orkut members are publicly take upable. The scenarios 1. A bullshit profile of a woman is created on Orkut.The profile displays her correct name and conflict reading (such as address, residential ph angiotensin converting enzyme amount, cell ph mavin number etc). Some seasons it even has her phot ograph. The problem is that the profile describes her as a bawd or a woman of loose character who wants to bring inner relations with eachone. Other Orkut members see this profile and start calling her at all hours of the day asking for sexual favours. This leads to a lot of badgering for the dupe and likewise defames her in society. 2. An online hate community is created.This community displays objectionable selective data a clear upst a particular country, religious or ethnic multitude or even a ingestst national leaders and historical figures. 3. A fake profile of a man is created on Orkut. The profile contains defamatory discipline a only if the dupe (such as his alleged sexual weakness, alleged iniquitous character etc) The law Scenario 1 Section 67 of study technology act upon and part 509 of the Indian draw upal reckon. Scenario 2 Section 153A and 153B of Indian penal jurisprudence. Scenario 3 Section 500 of Indian Penal regulation. Who is presumable?Sce nario 1 Directors of Orkut as healthy as all those who create and modify the fake profile. Scenario 2 very(prenominal) as Scenario 1. Scenario 3 Same as Scenario 1. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. all(a) rights reserved. 131 Cyber Crime &038 digital Evidence Indian location The agent Scenario 1 Jealousy or revenge (e. g. the victim may lease rejected the advances made by the funny). Scenario 2 Desire to ca affair racial hatred (e. g. Pakistani citizens creating an anti-India online community). Scenario 3 Hatred (e. g. a school student who has failed may victimize his teachers).Modus Operandi 1. The mirthful would create a free Gmail circular victimization a assumed name. 2. The tele transfer ID chosen by him would be unrelated to his real identity. 3. The shadowy would thus login to Orkut. com and create the foul profile. 132 2008 Rohas Nagpal. entirely rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 2 electronic mail Account Hacking Emails a re increasingly creation used for social interaction, championship communication and online proceedings. Most telecommunicate storey holders do not restitution basic precautions to protect their e-mail floor war crys.Cases of theft of electronic mail countersignatures and ensuant debase of email accounts are becoming very everyday. The scenarios 1. The victims email account cry is stolen and the account is and indeedce misused for displace out malicious engrave (computer computer virus, worm, Trojan etc) to people in the victims address book. The recipients of these viruses believe that the email is coming from a cognize person and run the attachments. This infects their data processors with the malicious regulation. 2. The victims email account word is stolen and the editer tries to extort money from the victim.The victim is scuppered that if he does not pay the money, the tuition contained in the emails volition be misused. 3. The victims email account password is stolen and obscene emails are displace to people in the victims address book. The law Scenario 1 Sections 43 and 66 of culture engineering science Act. Scenario 2 Sections 43 and 66 of nurture Technology Act and segment 384 of Indian Penal Code. Scenario 3 Sections 43, 66 and 67 of entropy Technology Act and atom 509 of the Indian Penal Code. Who is apt(predicate)?Scenario 1 Persons who stomach stolen the email account password and who are misvictimization the email account. Scenario 2 Persons who have stolen the email account password and who are threatening to misuse it. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. all told rights reserved. 133 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective Scenario 3 Persons who have stolen the email account password and who are mis development the email account. The motive(prenominal) Scenario 1 Corporate Espionage, perverse joyfulness in being able to destroy valuable randomness belong to strangers etc. Scenario 2 felonious financia l gain.Scenario 3 Revenge, jealousy, hatred. Modus Operandi 1. The suspect would put keyloggers in public computers (such as cyber cafes, airport lounges etc) or the computers of the victim. 2. Unsuspecting victims would login to their email accounts use these infected computers. 3. The passwords of the victims email accounts would be emailed to the suspect. 134 2008 Rohas Nagpal. all told rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 3 computer address Card Fraud Credit cards are commonly being used for online booking of airline and railway tickets and for other ecommerce transactions.Although just about of ecommerce websites have implemented strong security measures (such as SSL, secure web servers etc), instances of acknowledgment card frauds are increasing. The scenario The victims credit card information is stolen and misused for qualification online acquires (e. g. airline tickets, software program program, subscription to pornograph ic websites etc). The law Sections 43 and 66 of Information Technology Act and section 420 of Indian Penal Code. Who is conceivable? All persons who have stolen the credit card information as swell as those who have misused it. The motive dirty financial gain.Modus Operandi Scenario 1 The suspect would install keyloggers in public computers (such as cyber cafes, airport lounges etc) or the computers of the victim. Unsuspecting victims would use these infected computers to make online transactions. The credit card information of the victim would be emailed to the suspect. Scenario 2 Petrol pump attendants, workers at retail outlets, hotel waiters etc note down information of the credit cards used for devising payment at these establishments. This information is sold to criminal gangs that misuse it for online frauds. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 135 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 4 Online Share Trading Fraud With the advent of dematerializ ation of divvy ups in India, it has become authorization for investors to have demat accounts. In most cases an online banking account is linked with the share calling account. This has led to a high number of online share trading frauds. The scenario Scenario 1 The victims account passwords are stolen and his accounts are misused for making double-tongued bank transfers.Scenario 2 The victims account passwords are stolen and his share trading accounts are misused for making unauthorised transactions that result in the victim making losses. The law Scenario 1 Sections 43 and 66 of Information Technology Act and section 420 of Indian Penal Code. Scenario 2 Sections 43 and 66 of Information Technology Act and section 426 of Indian Penal Code. Who is apt? Scenario 1 All persons who have stolen the account information as well as those who have misused it. Scenario 2 All persons who have stolen the account information as well as those who have misused it.The motive Scenario 1 Illegal financial gain Scenario 2 Revenge, jealousy, hatred Modus Operandi Scenario 1 The suspect would install keyloggers in public computers (such as cyber cafes, airport lounges etc) or the computers of the victim. Unsuspecting victims would use these infected computers to login to their online banking and share trading accounts. The passwords and other information of the victim would be emailed to the suspect. Scenario 2 Same as scenario 1. 136 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 3. 5 tax revenue Evasion and Money Laundering Many unprincipled blood linemen and money launderers (havala operators) are utilise virtual(prenominal) as well as physical storage media for privacy information and records of their illicit bloodline. The scenario Scenario 1 The suspect uses physical storage media for hide the information e. g. clayey drives, floppies, USB drives, prompt phone memory cards, digital camera memory cards, CD ROMs, v ideodisc ROMs, iPods etc. Scenario 2 The suspect uses virtual storage media for hiding the information e. g. mail accounts, online briefcases, FTP sites, Gspace etc. The law Scenario 1 Depending upon the case, aliment of the Income Tax Act and Prevention of Money Laundering Act will apply. Scenario 2 Depending upon the case, provisions of the Income Tax Act and Prevention of Money Laundering Act will apply. Who is liable? Scenario 1 information. The person who hides the Scenario 2 The person who hides the information. If the operators of the virtual storage facility do not cooperate in the investigation, then they also become liable.The motive Scenario 1 Illegal financial gain Scenario 2 Illegal financial gain Modus Operandi Scenario 1 The suspect would purchase small storage devices with boastful data storage capacities. Scenario 2 The suspect would open free or paid accounts with online storage providers. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 137 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Ev idence Indian Perspective 23. 6 Source Code Theft Computer character code is the most important addition of software companies. Simply put, source code is the programming instructions that are compiled into the executable files that are sold by software development companies.As is expected, most source code thefts take place in software companies. Some cases are also reported in banks, manufacturing companies and other organisations who confirm original software developed for their use. The scenario Scenario 1 The suspect ( commonly an employee of the victim) diverts the source code and sells it to a business rival of the victim. Scenario 2 The suspect (usually an employee of the victim) steals the source code and uses it as a base to make and sell his own adjustment of the software. The law Scenario 1 Sections 43, 65 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 63 of the Copyright Act.Scenario 2 Sections 43, 65 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 63 of the C opyright Act. Who is liable? Scenario 1 The persons who steal the source code as well as the persons who purchase the stolen source code. Scenario 2 The persons who steal the source code. The motive Scenario 1 Illegal financial gain. Scenario 2 Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi Scenario 1 If the suspect is an employee of the victim, he would usually have direct or indirect assenting to the source code. He would steal a copy of the source code and hide it using a virtual or physical storage device. 138 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective If the suspect is not an employee of the victim, he would hack into the victims servers to steal the source code. Or he would use social engineering to get unauthorised access to the code. He would then contact potential bribeers to make the sale. Scenario 2 If the suspect is an employee of the victim, he would usually have direct or indirect access to the source code. He would steal a copy of the source code and hide it using a virtual or physical storage device. If the suspect is not an employee of the victim, e would hack into the victims servers to steal the source code. Or he would use social engineering to get unauthorised access to the code. He would then modify the source code (either himself or in association with other programmers) and launch his own software. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 139 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 7 Theft of Confidential Information Most business organisations store their excitable information in computer systems. This information is luffed by rivals, criminals and some(prenominal)times disgruntled employees.The scenario Scenario 1 A business rival obtains the information (e. g. tender quotations, business plans etc) using hacking or social engineering. He then uses the information for the benefit of his own business (e. g. quoting start out rates for the tender). Scenario 2 A crimi nal obtains the information by hacking or social engineering and threatens to make the information public unless the victim pays him some money. Scenario 3 A disgruntled employee steals the information and mass mails it to the victims rivals and also posts it to numerous websites and soresgroups.The law Scenario 1 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 426 of Indian Penal Code. Scenario 2 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 384 of Indian Penal Code. Scenario 3 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 426 of Indian Penal Code. Who is liable? Scenario 1 The persons who steal the information as well as the persons who misuse the stolen information. Scenario 2 The persons who steal the information as well as the persons who threaten the victim and extort money.Scenario 3 The disgruntled employee as well as the persons who armed service him in stealing and distributing the information. The motive Scenario 1 Illegal f inancial gain. Scenario 2 Illegal financial gain. Scenario3 Revenge. 140 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective Modus Operandi Scenario 1 The suspect could hire a skilled hacker to break into the victim systems. The hacker could also use social engineering techniques. Illustration A very good aspect woman went to meet the system administrator (sysadmin) of a large confederation.She interviewed the sysadmin for a magazine article. During the interview she flirted a lot with the sysadmin and while deviation she accidentally left her pen drive at the sysadmins room. The sysadmin accessed the pen drive and saw that it contained many photographs of the lady. He did not realize that the photographs were Trojanized once the Trojan was in place, a lot of sensitive information was stolen very easily. Illustration The sysadmin of a large manufacturing company received a beautifully packed CD ROM containing security updates from the company that developed the run system that ran his companys servers.He installed the updates which in reality were Trojanized software. For 3 years after that a lot of confidential information was stolen from the companys systems Scenario 2 Same as scenario 1. Scenario 3 The disgruntled employee would usually have direct or indirect access to the information. He washbasin use his personal computer or a cyber cafe to cattle ranch the information. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 141 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 8 Software plagiarism Many people do not admit software plagiarisation to be theft.They would never steal a rupee from someone but would not think twice before using pirated software. There is a common perception amongst normal computer users to not determine software as property. This has led to software buccaneering becoming a flourishing business. The scenario Scenario 1 The software pirate sells the pirated software in physica l media (usually CD ROMs) through with(predicate) a close mesh topology of dealers. Scenario 2 The software pirate sells the pirated software through electronic downloads through websites, air boards, bare-asssgroups, spam emails etc.The law Scenario 1 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 63 of Copyright Act. Scenario 2 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 63 of Copyright Act. Who is liable? Scenario 1 The software pirate as well as the persons who barter for the pirated software from him. Scenario 2 The software pirate as well as the persons who buy the pirated software from him. The motive Scenario 1 Illegal financial gain. Scenario 2 Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi Scenario 1 The suspect uses high speed CD extra equipment to create multiple copies of the pirated software.This software is sold through a network of computer hardware and software vendors. Scenario 2 The suspect registers a domain name using a fictitious name and then hosts his website using a service provider that is based in a country that does not have cyber laws. much(prenominal) service providers do not divulge client information to law enforcement officials of other countries. 142 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 9 Music Piracy Many people do not consider music piracy to be theft.They would never steal a rupee from someone but would not think twice before buying or using pirated music. There is a common perception amongst people users to not consider music as property. There is a huge business in music piracy. Thousands of unscrupulous businessmen sell pirated music at throw away prices. The scenario Scenario 1 The music pirate sells the pirated music in physical media (usually CD ROMs) through a close network of dealers. Scenario 2 The music pirate sells the pirated music through electronic downloads through websites, bulletin boards, refreshfulsgroups, spam emails etc.The law Scenario 1 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 63 of Copyright Act. Scenario 2 Sections 43 and 66 of the Information Technology Act, section 63 of Copyright Act. Who is liable? Scenario 1 The music pirate as well as the persons who buy the pirated software from him. Scenario 2 The music pirate as well as the persons who buy the pirated software from him. The motive Scenario 1 Illegal financial gain. Scenario 2 Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi Scenario 1 The suspect uses high speed CD duplication equipment to create multiple copies of the pirated music.This music is sold through a network of dealers. Scenario 2 The suspect registers a domain name using a fictitious name and then hosts his website using a service provider that is based in a country that does not have cyber laws. Such service providers do not divulge client information to law enforcement officials of other countries. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 143 Cybe r Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 10 Email Scams Emails are fast emerging as one of the most common methods of communication in the modern world.As can be expected, criminals are also using emails extensively for their illicit activities. The scenario In the first step, the suspect convinces the victim that the victim is going to get a lot of money (by way of winning a lottery or from a corrupt African bureaucrat who wants to transfer his ill gotten gains out of his home country). In order to convince the victim, the suspect sends emails (some having official awaiting at documents as attachments). Once the victim believes this story, the suspect asks for a small hire to cover legal expenses or courier charges.If the victim pays up the money, the suspect stops all contact. The law Section 420 of Indian Penal Code Who is liable? The sender of the email. The motive Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi The suspect creates email accounts in fictitious names and s ends out millions of fraudulent emails using decent spam software. 144 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 11 Phishing With the tremendous increase in the use of online banking, online share trading and ecommerce, there has been a corresponding growth in the ncidents of phishing being used to carry out financial frauds. Phishing involves fraudulently acquiring sensitive information (e. g. passwords, credit card details etc) by masquerading as a consecrateed entity. The scenario Scenario 1 The victim receives an email that appears to have been sent from his bank. The email urges the victim to click on the link in the email. When the victim does so, he is taken to a secure rapscallion on the banks website. The victim believes the web page to be authentic and he enters his username, password and other information.In reality, the website is a fake and the victims information is stolen and misused. The law Sections 43 an d 66 of Information Technology Act and sections 419, 420 and 468 of Indian Penal Code. Who is liable? All persons involved in creating and sending the fraudulent emails and creating and maintaining the fake website. The persons who misuse the stolen or phished information are also liable. The motive Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi The suspect registers a domain name using fictitious details. The domain name is usually such that can be misused for spoofing e. g. covered stadium Bank has its website at www. oodle. com The suspects can target Noodle customers using a domain name like www. noodle-bank-customerlogin. com The suspect then sends spoofed emails to the victims. e. g. the emails may appear to come from email&160protected com The fake website is designed to look exactly like the original website. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 145 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 12 Cyber Pornography Cyber pornography is believed to be one of the la rgest businesses on the net today. The millions of pornographic websites that flourish on the Internet are testimony to this.While pornography per se is not culpable in many countries, child pornography is strictly illegal in most nations today. Cyber pornography includes pornographic websites, pornographic magazines produced using computers (to publish and put out the material) and the Internet (to download and transmit pornographic pictures, photos, writings etc). The scenario The suspect accepts online payments and allows salaried customers to view / download pornographic pictures, videos etc from his website. The law Section 67 of Information Technology Act. Who is liable? The persons who create and maintain the pornographic websites are liable.In some cases cyber cafe owners and managers may also be liable in case they knowingly allow their customers to access the pornographic websites. The motive Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi The suspect registers a domain name us ing fictitious details and hosts a website on a server located in a country where cyber pornography is not illegal. The suspect accepts online payments and allows paying customers to view / download pornographic pictures, videos etc from his website. 146 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 3 Online Sale of Illegal Articles It is becoming increasingly common to find cases where sale of narcotics drugs, weapons, wildlife etc. is being facilitated by the Internet. Information nigh the availability of the products for sale is being posted on auction websites, bulletin boards etc. The scenario The suspect posts information about the illegal sale that he seeks to make. Potential customers can contact the seller using the email IDs provided. If the buyer and seller trust each other after their email and / or telephonic conversation, the essential transaction can be concluded.In most such cases the buyer and seller will meet governance to face at the time of the final transaction. Illustration In March 2007, the Pune unsophisticated police cracked down on an illegal rave fellowship and arrested hundreds of illegal drug users. The social networking site, Orkut. com, is believed to be one of the modes of communication for assembly people for the illegal drug party. The law Depending upon the illegal items being transacted in, provisions of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, Arms Act, Indian Penal Code, Wildlife related laws etc may apply. Who is liable?The persons who buy and sell these items. The motive Illegal financial gain. Modus Operandi The suspect creates an email ID using fictitious details. He then posts messages, about the illegal products, in various chat rooms, bulletin boards, newsgroups etc. Potential customers can contact the seller using the email IDs provided. If the buyer and seller trust each other after their email and / or telephonic conversation, the actual tran saction can be concluded. In most such cases the buyer and seller will meet face to face at the time of the final transaction. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 147 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 14 Use of Internet and Computers by Terrorists Many terrorists are using virtual as well as physical storage media for hiding information and records of their illicit business. They also use emails and chat rooms to communicate with their counterparts around the globe. The scenario The suspects carry laptops wherein information relating to their activities is stored in encrypted and password protected form. They also create email accounts using fictitious details. In many cases, one email account is shared by many people.E. g. one terrorist composes an email and saves it in the enlist folder. Another terrorist logs into the same account from another urban center / country and reads the saved email. He then composes his reply and saves it in the draft fol der. The emails are not actually sent. This makes email tracking and tracing almost impossible. Terrorists also use physical storage media for hiding the information e. g. hard drives, floppies, USB drives, mobile phone memory cards, digital camera memory cards, CD ROMs, DVD ROMs, iPods etc. They also use virtual storage media for hiding the information e. g. mail accounts, online briefcases, FTP sites, Gspace etc. The law Terrorists are covered by conventional laws such as Indian Penal Code and special legislation relating to terrorism. Who is liable? Terrorists as well as those who help them to protect their information are liable. If email service providers do not assist the law enforcement personnel in the investigation then they are also legally liable. The motive Keeping terrorism related information confidential. Secure communication amongst terrorist group members. Modus Operandi The terrorists purchase small storage devices with large data storage capacities.They also purch ase and use encryption software. The terrorists may also use free or paid accounts with online storage providers. 148 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 23. 15 virus Attacks Computer viruses are malicious programs that destroy electronic information. As the world is increasingly becoming networked, the threat and damage caused by viruses is growing by leaps and bounds. The scenario Scenario 1 The virus is a general in the wild virus. This path that it is turn outing all over the world and is not targeted at any specific organisation.Scenario 2 The virus targets a particular organisation. This type of a virus is not known to anti-virus companies as it is a new virus created specifically to target a particular organisation. The law Scenario 1 Sections 43 and 66 of Information Technology Act and section 426 of Indian Penal Code. Scenario 2 Sections 43 and 66 of Information Technology Act and section 426 of Indian Penal Cod e. Who is liable? Scenario 1 The cause of the virus. Scenario 2 The creator of the virus as well as the buyer who purchases the virus (usually to target his business rivals).The motive Scenario 1 blast and a perverse cheer in destroying data belonging to strangers. Scenario 2 Illegal business rivalry. financial gain, revenge, Modus Operandi Scenario 1 A highly skilled programmer creates a new type or strain of virus and releases it on the Internet so that it can spread all over the world. Being a new virus, it goes undetected by many anti-virus software and hence is able to spread all over the world and cause a lot of damage. Anti-virus companies are usually able to find a solution within 8 to 48 hours. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 149 Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective Scenario 2 A highly skilled programmer creates a new type or strain of virus. He does not release it on the Internet. Instead he sells it for a huge amount of money. The buyer uses the virus to target his rival company. Being a new virus, it may be undetected by the victim companys anti-virus software and hence would be able to cause a lot of damage. Anti-virus companies may never get to know about the existence of the virus. 150 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. Cyber Crime &038 Digital Evidence Indian Perspective 3. 16 Web taint Website defacement is usually the substitution of the original home page of a website with another page (usually pornographic or defamatory in nature) by a hacker. Religious and government sites are regularly targeted by hackers in order to display political or religious beliefs. Disturbing images and offensive phrases might be displayed in the process, as well as a signature of sorts, to show who was responsible for the defacement. Websites are not only defaced for political reasons, many defacers do it just for the thrill.The scenario The homepage of a website is replaced with a pornographic or defamatory page. In case o f Government websites, this is most commonly do on symbolic days (e. g. the Independence day of the country). The law Sections 43 and 66 of Information Technology Act In some cases section 67 and 70 may also apply. Who is liable? The person who defaces the website. The motive Thrill or a perverse pleasure in inciting communal disharmony. Modus Operandi The defacer may exploit the vulnerabilities of the operating system or applications used to host the website.This will allow him to hack into the web server and change the home page and other pages. Alternatively he may launch a creature force or dictionary attack to obtain the administrator passwords for the website. He can then connect to the web server and change the webpages. 2008 Rohas Nagpal. All rights reserved. 151 www. asianlaws. org Head Office 6th Floor, Pride Senate, Behind Indiabulls Mega Store, Senapati Bapat Road, Pune 411016. India Contact verse +91-20-25667148 +91-20-40033365 +91-20-64000000 +91-20-64006464 Ema il email&160protected org URL www. asianlaws. org

Music and Crime

unison and law-breaking ar two very clear incompatible but related things. unison has effects other than providing pleasure to listeners. On one hand, medicinal drug whitethorn mend emotions in such a fashion that it whitethorn trigger a mortal to justify a shepherds crook act. On the other hand, it gutter also booster suppress a potential criminals emotions, which may possibly retain disgust from happening. For most people, true medication is that which ordinarily has a positive effect. It may calm the reddened instinct that is cryptic within a mortal, especially those who check no other means to emerge these instincts. Thus, clean medication may take away a negative effect on crime. medication and crime enkindle be correlated through an individuals vagary. The image that euphony inherently suggests is usually reflected in ones thoughts. To clarify, crime may be usually driven by a both(prenominal)ones mentality, while euphony can enamor ones think ing. In some forms of music, there atomic number 18 seemingly unperceivable messages that may case a variety of effects for different personalities. The subliminal messages that could squ are up a person can be a lend factor in crimes (Cooper).However, other forms of music, c be Hellenic music, are popularly believed to be shake positive effect that can forbid potential criminals from hopeting crimes. For instance, some studies also scan that Greco-Roman music has the effect of hold opening the reddish instinct down. This can be attributed to the kind of slow, meditative and soothing look that classical music has in trying to deal with certain elements, such as brute force and violence.It can adopt back gentle and tender memories of a person, which would most likely result in bringing out the gentle emotions that a person magnate piddle unfathomed deep in side of meat of him (Partenheimer).This can have the unexpected effect of eliminating the kind of reddened i nstinct that leads to crime. For instance, in West medal Beach, Florida, authorities found that playing classical music in the lanes have lessen the criminal incidents in the said street ( ground forces Today).Everyone is subjected to music with embedded messages. There are kinds of music that seems harmless and innocent that may actually influence one to commit crimes if it has an embedded negative message. This occurs because people have different levels of comprehension these negative messages may unconsciously encourage them to commit crimes.If a person was candid to music with a positive message, like that of classical music, the person that might have been previously inclined to commit crimes will be persuaded to quietly get out committing crimes. Moreover, a persons mood can also be influenced by music. Basically, it whole caboodle in the same way subliminal messages do. However, it only targets more of the stimulated side of a person (Wilson).People who might have b een in the mood for violent acts or criminally prosecutable actions will be very reluctant to engage in these kinds of acts if there is a big emotional weight pressing their feelings. This is the power that classical music has it is capable of influencing the kind of mood that a person has. unequivocal music may help encourage shelter for criminal thoughts that will prove to be beneficial to ones psychological state. upright music has the kind of ephemeral flavor that the military personnel mind cannot possibly comprehend in all its subtleties. For this reason, the mind cannot actively stop the kind of influence that music exerts. The homosexuale mind unconsciously follows the lead do by the kind of music it is exposed to since the sounds are not hindered by simple(a) syntax of world language. The kind of inarticulate but emotionally tangible quality that is inherent in classical music takes it straight to the inner workings of the forgiving emotion.There is nothing but th e naked inner self or egotism that bears to receive the kind of message that the music has. Since classical music transcends the usual human emotional barriers through its capability to claim emotions, the persons thoughts and mood is usually affected as well. In turn, it also strongly influences the actions of the person. Classical music is powerful because it targets the basic emotions that can influence a persons intention to commit crimes.In addition, classical music can influence a person in a comparatively peaceful or positive way. even off if there are various reasons canful criminal or deviant acts advent in many forms, all of them are at least connected to some emotions as part of the underlying reasons secret deep in the part of the human psyche. Classical music, which has an unfathomable effect on the human psyche, can highly influence a persons decision to commit a crime.In conclusion, classical music is conducive to positive emotions therefore, it has a negative effect on crime because it triggers a positive effect on ones emotions and thinking. The effect of such musical forms and the mood it represents has the capacity to diminish a persons violent instinct, as well as to keep criminal thought at bay. In this way, classical music can be instrumental in preventing crimes.Works CitedClassical Music on West handle Corner Deters Crime. USA Today. 8 July 2001. The Associated Press. 22 March 2008 <http//www.usatoday.com/ word of honor/nation/2001/07/08/music.htm>Cooper, Candy. subliminal Messages, Heavy Metal Music and Teen-age Suicide. SanFrancisco Examiner. 29 September 1989. 5 March 2008 <http//www.reversespeech.com/judas.htm>What are subliminal effects? World of talk Experiment. 2007. 5 March 2008<http//www.wordofmouthexperiment.com/articles/subliminal-messages/what-subliminal-effect>Wilson, Stephanie. The effects of Music on Perceived Atmosphere and procure Notions inRestaurant.(Abstract). Psychology of Music 31.1 (2003) 93 -112. 5 March 2008 <http//pom.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/31/1/93>Partenheimer, David. Violent Music Lyrics Increase Agreesive Thoughts and Feelings,According to New Study. APA. 2003. 5 March 2008 <http//www.apa.org/releases/violentsongs.html>Classical Music on West Palm Corner Deters Crime. USA Today. 8 July 2001. The Associated Press. 22 March 2008 < http//www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2001/07/08/music.htm>